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The purpose of this paper is to revisit the Chinese patent application upsurge among Japanese MNEs.

The authors extended the sample provided by Nakata and Zhang, from the period of 1995 and 2003 to 1995 and 2007, and paid more attention to the market advantage of Japanese MNEs and competitive relationships such as those between Japanese MNEs and domestic as well as other foreign firms in China.

The present findings indicated that after China revised its patent law for the second time and joined the WTO, patenting by Japanese MNEs became increasingly driven by those that operated diversified businesses in China. Competition in IPR measured by the technology proximity of Japanese MNEs with domestic as well as other foreign firms showed a positive correlation with regard to increased patenting.

To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first paper that focused on the effects of Chinese IPR reform on the Chinese patenting behavior by Japanese MNEs.

The paper aims to improve convergence characteristics of the Newton–Raphson (NR) method applied to time-periodic finite element method using various line searches, as time-periodic finite element method causes deterioration of convergence characteristic of nonlinear analysis based on NR method. The study also aims to accelerate and improve accuracy of electromagnetic field analysis for improvement of the performance of electrical machine.

The paper proposes new type line searches that set approximate step size for NR method. The line search evaluated step size using higher-order interpolation of functional derivative. In addition, two criteria for applying these line search were proposed. First method set one scalar value for every NR iteration that is named constant step size. Second method define different step size in each time step of time-periodic finite element method to update solution vector that is named different step size.

The paper provides efficient line searches to improve convergence characteristics for NR method. Nonlinear magnetic field analysis of two transformer models is demonstrated. The proposed methods achieve the following results: higher-order functional NR is efficient in improving convergence characteristics, and the proposed methods succeeded about twice faster in both models.

The paper fulfills improvement of convergence characteristics of the NR method applied to time-periodic finite element method using proposed line searches and accelerate electromagnetic field analysis.

The purpose of this paper is to improve the performance of block-multicolor (BMC) ordering for the parallelized incomplete-Cholesky-preconditioned conjugate gradient (ICCG) method. Then, the BMC ordering based on level structure arising in reverse Cuthill-McKee RCM ordering is newly proposed. The name of proposed method is abbreviated as “RBMC”. This paper shows the validity of proposed method by comparison with greedy-based multicolor (MC) and conventional BMC on the real symmetric linear system derived from the voltage-driven finite element method in time domain.

In RBMC, the blocking and coloring is performed level by level. The number of synchronizations in forward and backward substitution is reduced so that all blocks can be colored with two colors. However, the load-balance in forward and backward substitution might deteriorate because the irregular block matrices are distributed around diagonal. To uniformize load-balance in forward and backward substitution, the RBMC combined with the concept of block red-black ordering has been developed.

The modified RBMC was the most effective for reduction of the elapsed time among four orderings (MC, BMC, RBMC, modified RBMC) owing to improvement of convergence characteristic and load-balance.

The proposed method had two advantages: although the number of unknowns per block must be previously determined in BMC, its parameter is automatically determined in proposed method, the number of synchronization in forward and backward substitution can be reduced.